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Understanding Dimensional Constraint

December 6, 2009 in AutoCAD, CAD, Revit


parametric tab
Another parametric feature available is dimensional constraint. We discussed about geometric constraint, and this time dimensional constraint.

Dimensional Constraint Types

Basically we use dimensional constraint to maintain distance between points or objects. Usually dimensional constraint don’t work alone. We use geometric constraint along with dimensional constraint.
There are three types of dimensional constraint:

  1. Dynamic Constraint
  2. Annotational Dimension
  3. Reference Constraint

Annotational Dimension

In a nut shell, annotational constraint behave like common dimension we know all these years. You can plot it, you can assign it on a layer, and the size behave like other annotation. The size is not affected when you zoom the drawing.

Dynamic Constraint

Dynamic constraint is a bit different. it’s only for display purpose. It will not be printed. If you remember how you use parameter in dynamic block, it also display at the same size when you zoom the drawing.
You can change the form, dynamic or annotational by changing the ‘form’ variable.

Command:
DIMCONSTRAINT
Current settings:  Constraint form = Dynamic
Select associative dimension to convert or
[LInear/Horizontal/Vertical/Aligned/ANgular/Radial/Diameter/Form] <LInear>:F
Enter constraint form [Annotational/Dynamic] <Dynamic>: A

Reference constraint

Reference constraint is not created directly. You can create a dynamic or annotational dimension, and then convert it to reference dimension.
reference dimension
We use reference constraint only for showing the distance values. We can’t change the parameter like dynamic or annotational constraint. Let’s compare them.
Annotation constraint size will follow the object size when you zoom. Dynamic constraint will show the same size, no matter how you zoom it. The reference dimension is shown with brackets.
dimensional constraint type

Using Dimensional Constraint

After you placed dimensional constraint, you will see the parameter name like d1, d2… dia1, dia2… by default. We can change it later. You can change the parameter by selecting the constraint, right click your mouse above dimension, and select edit constraint.
Or you can change the name and value in properties palette.
constraint properties
We can input calculation in expression field. For example, we want the base length is dependant to body length plus 20mm clearance. This workflow is used heavily in manufacturing design.
By using dimensional constraint, we don’t modify the object. We change the parameter value, and the object will be adjusted. To make the result predictable, we use it together with geometric constraint. We will create some objects using these parametric behavior later. But that’s the concept.
As I don’t write too much details in this parametric feature, you can also read them in my friend blog, Orhan Toker:

  1. Geometric Constraint (1)
  2. Geometric Constraint (2)
  3. Dimensional Constraint (1)
  4. Dimensional Constraint (2)

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Source: CAD Notes – Understanding Dimensional Constraint
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MicroStation Drawing Elements: Circles and Polygon

December 6, 2009 in AutoCAD, CAD, Revit

We tried to draw several times before. But until now, we only use linear elements. Now we are going to discuss circles and polygons. I don’t usually write details on how using a specific tool. I usually write concept and ‘how to’ tutorial. But i already wrote this tutorial as a book before (in Indonesian). So I don’t want to mess the original material structure anyway.
Circle and polygon are closed shapes. Closed shapes have some properties that open shapes don’t. Let’s see the tool settings for circle.

circle options

You will see area, fill type, and fill color. You can change the fill type to opaque or outlined. Opaque will place the circle and fill the object with fill color you choose. Outlined will also place the circle with fill color, but still preserve the outline color.
opaque vs outlined

Tips: If you don’t see the fill color, click view attributes on your view toolbar. Select fill. It’s the first icon on your view toolbar.
view attributes

Circles

Placing a circle

You can place circles using these method:
center
Center: You define two points: the center point and a point on the edge
edge 
Edge: You define 3 points on the circle edge
diameter
Diameter: You define two points on the edge as the circle diameter.
We will do a little exercise at the end of this tutorial, but now:

Placing an Arc

arc options
Placing arc is pretty much the same with placing circle. There are some methods and options, but I think they are self explained. You need to try them to understand the options better.
You can define the direction by rotating your pointer to other direction around the center of arc. And of course, you can manually override the direction parameter to CW or CCW.

Placing Polygons

Placing Blocks

Block is a rectangle. MicroStation call it block, but you know it as rectangle in AutoCAD. Block in AutoCAD is cell in MicroStation. Confusing? Sorry, I can’t help it :) But don’t worry about that. Let’s continue…
You can place a block by using two methods: orthogonal or rotated.
orthogonal
Orthogonal requires you to define two points at the block corners.

rotated
Rotated requires you to define three points: start point, rotation angle, and the block corner.

Placing Shapes and Orthogonal Shapes

place shape option
Placing shape is very similar with placing SmartLine. But you have to define the last data point at your first data point, so the shape will close. You can also find one button that you don’t see in other tool settings: close element. Clicking the button will automatically close your shape.
Orthogonal shape is similar to shape. The only difference is the edges is perpendicular to each other.

Regular Polygon

You can create a regular polygon with number of edges from 3 to 4999.
You can use these following method to place a regular polygon. Below are the illustration of the methods. The circle is only for illustration. You will not see it in your drawing.
inscribed
Inscribed: First data point will be the center, and the second is the polygon corner.
circumscribed
Circumscribed: First point is the polygon center, and the second point is the distance from center to polygon edge.
by edge
Edge: You define two points on the polygon edge.

A Challenge: Create this drawing using regular polygon, circle, and arc

challenge
If you have problem, you can download the animation here.

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Source: CAD Notes – MicroStation Drawing Elements: Circles and Polygon
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Dialog with Focus: Using MicroStation Shortcuts

December 6, 2009 in AutoCAD, CAD, Revit

keyboard Before we continue further with MicroStation tutorial, I want to discuss about dialog with focus. You may find that sometimes it works when you use AccuDraw shortcut, but sometimes it doesn’t. The reason is, you may have the focus on other dialog. You need the focus on the AccuDraw dialog to use AccuDraw shortcut. Confused?

Understanding and Controlling the Focus

What is this focus we are talking about? In GUI, we can give input to a component that currently has the focus. An active dialog box is shown with clearer color than the inactive dialog boxes. If you open several applications, if you press [alt] + F to open file menu, then the active application will show the menu. More details in Wikipedia. MicroStation has many dialog boxes inside the application itself.
If you are an AutoCAD user, you can type AutoCAD command anywhere and anytime. Command line always has the focus. But not in MicroStation. There are several dialog can get the focus, and each of them has specific shortcut that we can use. You can see the status at the right bottom of MicroStation, at the status bar.

Home

home
Moving focus to home: press [F12] OR [esc]
When you see this icon, it means the focus now is at home. When focus at home, you can use the task navigation shortcut. There are some letters and numbers on the task navigation. That’s the shortcut key. You can press [1] to activate element selection. You can press [Q] to activate place linear group, then press [1] to activate the place SmartLine. It’s very useful to speed up than using mouse to activate it.
task navigation shortcut

AccuDraw

accudraw
Moving focus to AccuDraw: press [F11]
When you see this icon, then you can use AccuDraw shortcut. We have discussed AccuDraw shortcut before.

Tool Settings

tool settings  
Moving focus to Tool Settings: press [F10]
Personally, I’m not a fan of tool settings shortcut when it has the focus. Like default Windows dialog boxes, you can see some text are underlined. Segment Type for example.
tool settings shortcuts
It means that you can press [alt] + S to change that parameter.
Tool settings can use task navigation shortcut too. And I prefer to use it. Press [esc] OR {f12] –yes, we move the focus to home- and you will see some letters near the parameters. You can press the letter to change it. I think this is more fun.
home shortcuts

Key-In

key-ins
Moving focus to key-in dialog: press [F9]
We haven’t use key-ins yet. We can activate MicroStation tools by clicking our mouse above the tool icon, and apparently we can use task navigation shortcuts, and surprisingly, we can key-in the tool!
Why we would do that? Isn’t using task navigation shortcut is faster?
key-in dialog
Sometimes, using key-in can be faster, and it can control everything. Things that you can’t control in task navigation. When you press p, then key-in will show you every tool started with p. After you type pl, then it will auto complete it with ‘place’, press [space], then it move to 2nd column. Press s then m to activate smartline. You will see options available for SmartLine in the 3rd column.
If you remember how we changed the mouse button assignment, that’s a key-in. Pan view and Pan scroll are key-ins. You can also assign key-ins to function keys [f1] to [f12]. You can see the assignment by accessing menu Workspace>Function Keys.

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Source: CAD Notes – Dialog with Focus: Using MicroStation Shortcuts
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Notice of Revit User Group Auckland July Meeting

July 11, 2009 in AutoCAD, CAD

Details of the next Revit User Group – Auckland (RUGAKL) meeting:

Wednesday 15th July
Jasmax Offices
2 Marston Street, Parnell
Best Parking on Parnell Rise by the Park

Join us from 5.30pm …


Source: RobiNZ CAD Blog – Notice of Revit User Group Auckland July Meeting
Go to Source: RobiNZ CAD Blog